Please don't misunderstand what I said -- I don't doubt that it is happening, I am saying that it should be assembled such as to prevent it. Perhaps a shift fork is bent, or perhaps there is excessive clearance somewhere. I'd also look for signs of wear like rounding, which can cause a shift fork to flex just enough to pop out when under load. A common problem with boats and motorcycles that can sometimes be solved by refacing with a slight back-slope such that the pieces are drawn together under load instead of forced apart.
But again, I have no experience with this or any other tractor transmission, so I cannot offer specific advice.