The place to start is to get the pressure tested out of the pump. Getting a Work Shop Manual (WSM) would probably be a good starting point to identify hydraulic test points on the tractor. That manual may be available here
See post #14 in this thread for a video on a test showing the gauge type required.
Am I doing this right? Reading is very low!
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The easiest way to test it is to remove an output hose to the loader cylinder, connect the gauge to that hose and actuate the FEL valve in the correct way. The tractor needs to be operating and running around 2000 RPM (not at an idle). The reading is probably around 2000 to 2500 PSI but the WSM should have the exact value and RPM required.
The gauge can just be the terminal object in that test for simplicity.
You can use a mating disconnect half to attach the gauge if your loader has disconnection couplers.
You can also use the power beyond port (T port with a PB sleeve) on the FEL valve.
But you should FIRST disconnect any of the hydraulic couplers (one at a time) to clean them and make sure they are connected together well. A badly connected coupler will limit flow and cause problems.
If you understand the hydraulic flow path well enough you can verify that the FEL valve is connected correctly to the tractor.
Post pictures of the valve and connections to the tractor. Best color code the hoses since they will all look the same probably.